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2 changed files with 463 additions and 0 deletions
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@ -1,54 +1,87 @@
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#include <LPC17xx.h>
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#include <LPC17xx.h>
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// Global variable to store PWM value
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unsigned long pwm_value = 0;
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unsigned long pwm_value = 0;
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// Function to initialize PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)
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void PWM_Init(void){
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void PWM_Init(void){
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// Configure P1.20 (PWM1.2) function as PWM output (bits 21:20 = 10)
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LPC_PINCON->PINSEL3 |= 0x02 << 8;
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LPC_PINCON->PINSEL3 |= 0x02 << 8;
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// Enable power for PWM1 (bit 6)
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LPC_SC->PCONP |= 1 << 6;
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LPC_SC->PCONP |= 1 << 6;
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// Set prescaler to 0 (no division)
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LPC_PWM1->PR = 0;
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LPC_PWM1->PR = 0;
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// Set timer in PWM mode (counter mode)
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LPC_PWM1->CTCR = 0;
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LPC_PWM1->CTCR = 0;
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// Set PWM period (MR0 determines cycle frequency)
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LPC_PWM1->MR0 = 1000;
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LPC_PWM1->MR0 = 1000;
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// Set initial PWM duty cycle for channel 2 to 50%
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LPC_PWM1->MR2 = 500;
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LPC_PWM1->MR2 = 500;
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// Enable shadow latch for MR0 and MR2
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LPC_PWM1->LER = 0x05;
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LPC_PWM1->LER = 0x05;
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// Enable PWM output for channel 2 (bit 10)
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LPC_PWM1->PCR = 1 << 10;
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LPC_PWM1->PCR = 1 << 10;
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// Enable PWM counter and PWM mode (bits 3:0 = 1001)
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LPC_PWM1->TCR = 0x09;
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LPC_PWM1->TCR = 0x09;
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// Enable PWM1 interrupt in NVIC
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NVIC_EnableIRQ(PWM1_IRQn);
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NVIC_EnableIRQ(PWM1_IRQn);
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}
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}
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// Function to initialize keyboard GPIO pins
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void Keyboard_Init(void){
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void Keyboard_Init(void){
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// Configure P0.0-P0.3 as GPIO (clear bits for pins 0-3 in PINSEL0)
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LPC_PINCON->PINSEL0 &= ~0x0FFF;
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LPC_PINCON->PINSEL0 &= ~0x0FFF;
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// Set P0.0-P0.3 as input (clear bits 0-3 in FIODIR)
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LPC_GPIO0->FIODIR &= ~0x0F;
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LPC_GPIO0->FIODIR &= ~0x0F;
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}
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}
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// Simple delay function for debouncing
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void Delay(unsigned long count){
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void Delay(unsigned long count){
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for(unsigned long i = 0; i < count; i++);
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for(unsigned long i = 0; i < count; i++);
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}
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}
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// Function to read keyboard input with debouncing
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unsigned char Read_Keyboard(void){
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unsigned char Read_Keyboard(void){
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// Check each of the 4 keyboard lines
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for(unsigned char i = 0; i < 4; i++){
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for(unsigned char i = 0; i < 4; i++){
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// If a key is pressed (pin is low)
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if(!(LPC_GPIO0->FIOPIN & (1 << i))){
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if(!(LPC_GPIO0->FIOPIN & (1 << i))){
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// Debounce delay
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Delay(500000);
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Delay(500000);
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// Check if key is still pressed
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if(!(LPC_GPIO0->FIOPIN & (1 << i))){
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if(!(LPC_GPIO0->FIOPIN & (1 << i))){
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// Wait for key release
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while(!(LPC_GPIO0->FIOPIN & (1 << i)));
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while(!(LPC_GPIO0->FIOPIN & (1 << i)));
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// Debounce delay after release
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Delay(500000);
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Delay(500000);
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// Return the key number (0-3)
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return i;
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return i;
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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}
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// Return 0xFF if no key pressed
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return 0xFF;
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return 0xFF;
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}
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}
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// Main program entry point
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int main(void){
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int main(void){
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unsigned char key;
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unsigned char key;
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// Array of PWM values corresponding to each key
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const unsigned long pwm_values[] = {100, 250, 500, 750};
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const unsigned long pwm_values[] = {100, 250, 500, 750};
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// Initialize hardware peripherals
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PWM_Init();
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PWM_Init();
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Keyboard_Init();
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Keyboard_Init();
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// Main program loop
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while(1){
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while(1){
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// Read keyboard input
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key = Read_Keyboard();
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key = Read_Keyboard();
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// If a valid key is pressed (0-3)
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if(key < 4){
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if(key < 4){
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// Update PWM duty cycle based on key pressed
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LPC_PWM1->MR2 = pwm_values[key];
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LPC_PWM1->MR2 = pwm_values[key];
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// Enable latch for MR2 to update PWM output
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LPC_PWM1->LER |= 0x04;
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LPC_PWM1->LER |= 0x04;
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}
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}
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}
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}
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@ -56,6 +89,8 @@ int main(void){
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return 0;
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return 0;
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}
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}
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// PWM1 interrupt handler
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void PWM1_IRQHandler(void){
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void PWM1_IRQHandler(void){
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// Clear interrupt flag for MR0 (bit 0)
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LPC_PWM1->IR |= 0x01;
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LPC_PWM1->IR |= 0x01;
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}
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}
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428
ES/Project/code_with_nokia.c
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428
ES/Project/code_with_nokia.c
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@ -0,0 +1,428 @@
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#include <LPC17xx.h>
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#include <stdbool.h>
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/* ===================================================
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* SMART MULTI-BASE CALCULATOR — LPC1768
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* Supports BIN, BASE4, OCT, DEC, HEX with
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* keypad and LCD (no 7-segment).
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*
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* Features:
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* • SysTick 1 ms hardware timing
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* • HEX: double MODE press <2 s → operator mode
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* • Signed decimal arithmetic; modular in other bases
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* • NOKIA TUNE on GPIO beeper (loops continuously)
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* ===================================================
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*/
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/* ===== Pin & Mode Defines ===== */
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#define COL_BASE 15
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#define ROW_BASE 19
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#define COL_MASK (0x0F << COL_BASE)
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#define ROW_MASK (0x0F << ROW_BASE)
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#define LCD_DATA_SHIFT 23
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#define LCD_DATA_MASK (0x0F << LCD_DATA_SHIFT)
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#define LCD_RS (1 << 27)
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#define LCD_EN (1 << 28)
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#define MODE_BUTTON (1 << 12)
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#define BEEPER_PIN (1 << 4) /* P0.4 / CNA Pin 1 */
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/* Modes / Bases */
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#define MODE_BIN 2
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#define MODE_BASE4 4
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#define MODE_OCT 8
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#define MODE_DEC 10
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#define MODE_HEX 16
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/* Operators */
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#define OP_NONE 0
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#define OP_ADD 1
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#define OP_SUB 2
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#define OP_MUL 3
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#define OP_CLR 4
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#define OP_RES 5
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/* ===== Globals ===== */
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int input_num, stored_num, result;
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unsigned int operation;
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unsigned int current_base;
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unsigned char hex_op_mode;
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unsigned char result_displayed;
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unsigned int key, last_key, stable;
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unsigned int button_state, last_button_state, button_stable;
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unsigned long last_mode_press_time;
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/* ===== System tick counter ===== */
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volatile unsigned long sys_millis = 0;
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/* ===== Nokia Tune Notes ===== */
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typedef struct {
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unsigned int frequency; /* Hz */
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unsigned int duration; /* ms */
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} Note;
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const Note nokia_tune[] = {
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/* Main Nokia ringtone sequence - full 2 minute loop */
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{330, 125}, /* E4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 250}, /* G#4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 500}, /* G#4 */
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/* Repeat section */
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{330, 125}, /* E4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 250}, /* G#4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 250}, /* G#4 */
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{330, 125}, /* E4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 250}, /* G#4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 250}, /* G#4 */
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{330, 125}, /* E4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 500}, /* G#4 (longer) */
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/* Extended section - full melody */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 125}, /* G#4 */
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{466, 125}, /* A#4 */
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{523, 250}, /* C5 */
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{415, 125}, /* G#4 */
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{466, 125}, /* A#4 */
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{523, 250}, /* C5 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 125}, /* G#4 */
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{466, 125}, /* A#4 */
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{523, 250}, /* C5 */
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{415, 125}, /* G#4 */
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{466, 125}, /* A#4 */
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{523, 500}, /* C5 (longer) */
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/* Final variation */
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{330, 125}, /* E4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 250}, /* G#4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 1000}, /* G#4 (very long) */
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{0, 0} /* End marker */
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};
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/* ===== Forward Declarations ===== */
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void delay(volatile unsigned int d);
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void lcd_delay(unsigned long r);
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void lcd_write_nibble(unsigned char nibble, unsigned char is_data);
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void lcd_cmd(unsigned char cmd);
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void lcd_data(unsigned char data);
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void lcd_init(void);
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void lcd_print_str(const char *s);
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void lcd_print_num(int num, unsigned int base);
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void display_mode(void);
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void display_input(void);
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void display_result(void);
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unsigned int scan_keypad(void);
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unsigned int scan_mode_button(void);
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unsigned int is_valid_digit(unsigned int key);
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void change_mode(void);
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void handle_mode_button(void);
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void operate(unsigned int op);
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void perform_operation(void);
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unsigned char is_operator_active(unsigned int key);
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int base_arith(int a, int b, unsigned int op, unsigned int base);
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unsigned long millis(void);
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void beeper_init(void);
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void play_tone(unsigned int frequency, unsigned int duration);
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void play_nokia_tune(void);
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/* =================================================== */
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/* ===== Implementation */
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/* =================================================== */
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void delay(volatile unsigned int d){ while(d--) __NOP(); }
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void lcd_delay(unsigned long r){ volatile unsigned long i; for(i=0;i<r;i++); }
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/* ---- SysTick (1 ms) ---- */
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void SysTick_Handler(void){ sys_millis++; }
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unsigned long millis(void){ return sys_millis; }
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/* ---- LCD primitives ---- */
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void lcd_write_nibble(unsigned char nibble, unsigned char is_data){
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unsigned long temp = (nibble & 0x0F) << LCD_DATA_SHIFT;
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOPIN = (LPC_GPIO0->FIOPIN & ~LCD_DATA_MASK) | temp;
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if(is_data) LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET = LCD_RS; else LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR = LCD_RS;
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET = LCD_EN; lcd_delay(100);
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR = LCD_EN; lcd_delay(250000);
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}
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void lcd_cmd(unsigned char c){ lcd_write_nibble(c>>4,0); lcd_write_nibble(c,0); }
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void lcd_data(unsigned char d){ lcd_write_nibble(d>>4,1); lcd_write_nibble(d,1); }
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void lcd_init(void){
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lcd_delay(5000000);
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lcd_write_nibble(0x03,0); lcd_delay(500000);
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lcd_write_nibble(0x03,0); lcd_delay(500000);
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lcd_write_nibble(0x03,0); lcd_delay(500000);
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lcd_write_nibble(0x02,0); lcd_delay(500000);
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lcd_cmd(0x28); lcd_cmd(0x0C); lcd_cmd(0x01); lcd_delay(500000); lcd_cmd(0x06);
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}
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void lcd_print_str(const char *s){ while(*s) lcd_data(*s++); }
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void lcd_print_num(int num, unsigned int base){
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char buf[17]; int i=0; unsigned int unum;
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if(base==MODE_DEC && num<0){ lcd_data('-'); num=-num; }
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unum=(unsigned int)num;
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if(unum==0){ lcd_data('0'); return; }
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while(unum>0 && i<16){
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unsigned int d=unum%base;
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buf[i++]=(d<10)?('0'+d):('A'+d-10);
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unum/=base;
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}
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while(i>0) lcd_data(buf[--i]);
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}
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/* ---- Display helpers ---- */
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void display_mode(void){
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lcd_cmd(0x80);
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lcd_print_str("Mode: ");
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if(current_base==MODE_BIN) lcd_print_str("BIN ");
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else if(current_base==MODE_BASE4) lcd_print_str("BASE4 ");
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else if(current_base==MODE_OCT) lcd_print_str("OCT ");
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else if(current_base==MODE_DEC) lcd_print_str("DEC ");
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else { lcd_print_str("HEX");
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if(hex_op_mode) lcd_print_str("[OPS]");
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else lcd_print_str(" "); }
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}
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void display_input(void){
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lcd_cmd(0xC0);
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lcd_print_str("Input: ");
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lcd_print_num(input_num,current_base);
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lcd_print_str(" ");
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}
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void display_result(void){
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lcd_cmd(0xC0);
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lcd_print_str("Result: ");
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lcd_print_num(result,current_base);
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lcd_print_str(" ");
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}
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/* ---- Keypad scanning ---- */
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unsigned int scan_keypad(void){
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unsigned int col,row,row_bits;
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for(col=0;col<4;col++){
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET=COL_MASK; delay(50);
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR=(1<<(COL_BASE+col)); delay(200);
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row_bits=(LPC_GPIO0->FIOPIN&ROW_MASK)>>ROW_BASE;
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if(row_bits!=0x0F){
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for(row=0;row<4;row++)
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if(!(row_bits&(1<<row))){ LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET=COL_MASK; return col*4+row; }
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}
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}
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET=COL_MASK;
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return 0xFF;
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||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* ---- MODE button ---- */
|
||||||
|
unsigned int scan_mode_button(void){
|
||||||
|
return ((LPC_GPIO2->FIOPIN&MODE_BUTTON)==0)?1:0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void change_mode(void){
|
||||||
|
if(current_base==MODE_DEC) current_base=MODE_BIN;
|
||||||
|
else if(current_base==MODE_BIN) current_base=MODE_BASE4;
|
||||||
|
else if(current_base==MODE_BASE4) current_base=MODE_OCT;
|
||||||
|
else if(current_base==MODE_OCT) current_base=MODE_HEX;
|
||||||
|
else current_base=MODE_DEC;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
input_num=stored_num=result=0;
|
||||||
|
operation=OP_NONE; result_displayed=0;
|
||||||
|
display_mode(); display_input();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* ---- Double-press / mode handler ---- */
|
||||||
|
void handle_mode_button(void){
|
||||||
|
unsigned long now=millis();
|
||||||
|
if(button_stable==3 && button_state==1){
|
||||||
|
if(current_base==MODE_HEX){
|
||||||
|
if((now-last_mode_press_time)<2000){
|
||||||
|
hex_op_mode=!hex_op_mode;
|
||||||
|
display_mode(); last_mode_press_time=0;
|
||||||
|
} else last_mode_press_time=now;
|
||||||
|
} else change_mode();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* ---- Validation ---- */
|
||||||
|
unsigned int is_valid_digit(unsigned int key){
|
||||||
|
if(key>=16) return 0;
|
||||||
|
if(current_base==MODE_BIN && key>=2) return 0;
|
||||||
|
if(current_base==MODE_BASE4 && key>=4) return 0;
|
||||||
|
if(current_base==MODE_OCT && key>=8) return 0;
|
||||||
|
if(current_base==MODE_DEC && key>=10) return 0;
|
||||||
|
return 1;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* ---- Arithmetic core ---- */
|
||||||
|
int base_arith(int a,int b,unsigned int op,unsigned int base){
|
||||||
|
int r=0;
|
||||||
|
switch(op){
|
||||||
|
case OP_ADD: r=a+b; break;
|
||||||
|
case OP_SUB: r=a-b; break;
|
||||||
|
case OP_MUL: r=a*b; break;
|
||||||
|
default: r=a; break;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if(base!=MODE_DEC){ /* wrap-around for others */
|
||||||
|
if(r<0) r=((r%base)+base)%base;
|
||||||
|
else r%= (base*base*base*base); /* loose limit */
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return r;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* ---- Operator control ---- */
|
||||||
|
void operate(unsigned int op){ stored_num=input_num; input_num=0; operation=op; result_displayed=0; }
|
||||||
|
void perform_operation(void){
|
||||||
|
result=base_arith(stored_num,input_num,operation,current_base);
|
||||||
|
display_result();
|
||||||
|
input_num=result; operation=OP_NONE; result_displayed=1;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
unsigned char is_operator_active(unsigned int key){
|
||||||
|
if(key>=11 && key<=15){
|
||||||
|
if(current_base==MODE_HEX) return hex_op_mode;
|
||||||
|
else return 1;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return 0;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* ---- Beeper Functions ---- */
|
||||||
|
void beeper_init(void){
|
||||||
|
LPC_GPIO0->FIODIR |= BEEPER_PIN;
|
||||||
|
LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR = BEEPER_PIN;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void play_tone(unsigned int frequency, unsigned int duration){
|
||||||
|
unsigned long start_time = millis();
|
||||||
|
unsigned long end_time = start_time + duration;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if(frequency == 0){
|
||||||
|
while(millis() < end_time){
|
||||||
|
LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR = BEEPER_PIN;
|
||||||
|
delay(1000);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
return;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
unsigned int half_period_us = 1000000 / (2 * frequency);
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
while(millis() < end_time){
|
||||||
|
LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET = BEEPER_PIN;
|
||||||
|
for(volatile unsigned int i = 0; i < half_period_us; i++) __NOP();
|
||||||
|
LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR = BEEPER_PIN;
|
||||||
|
for(volatile unsigned int i = 0; i < half_period_us; i++) __NOP();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR = BEEPER_PIN;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
void play_nokia_tune(void){
|
||||||
|
while(1){ /* INFINITE LOOP - plays forever */
|
||||||
|
for(int i = 0; nokia_tune[i].frequency != 0; i++){
|
||||||
|
play_tone(nokia_tune[i].frequency, nokia_tune[i].duration);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
/* Small delay before repeating */
|
||||||
|
delay(50000);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* =================================================== */
|
||||||
|
/* ===================== MAIN ======================== */
|
||||||
|
/* =================================================== */
|
||||||
|
int main(void){
|
||||||
|
current_base=MODE_DEC;
|
||||||
|
input_num=stored_num=result=0;
|
||||||
|
operation=OP_NONE; result_displayed=0;
|
||||||
|
key=last_key=0xFF; stable=0;
|
||||||
|
button_stable=0; button_state=last_button_state=0;
|
||||||
|
hex_op_mode=0; last_mode_press_time=0;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
SystemCoreClockUpdate();
|
||||||
|
SysTick_Config(SystemCoreClock/1000); // 1 ms tick
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* GPIO mux: make pins GPIO */
|
||||||
|
LPC_PINCON->PINSEL0=0; LPC_PINCON->PINSEL1=0;
|
||||||
|
LPC_PINCON->PINSEL3=0; LPC_PINCON->PINSEL4=0;
|
||||||
|
LPC_PINCON->PINSEL0 &= ~0xFFF00000; // P0.4–P0.11 as GPIO
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* Directions: keypad columns out, rows in; LCD pins out; MODE button in; beeper out */
|
||||||
|
LPC_GPIO0->FIODIR |= COL_MASK | LCD_DATA_MASK | LCD_RS | LCD_EN | BEEPER_PIN;
|
||||||
|
LPC_GPIO0->FIODIR &= ~ROW_MASK;
|
||||||
|
LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET = COL_MASK;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
LPC_GPIO2->FIODIR &= ~MODE_BUTTON;
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
beeper_init();
|
||||||
|
lcd_init();
|
||||||
|
display_mode();
|
||||||
|
display_input();
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* Play Nokia tune on loop in background */
|
||||||
|
play_nokia_tune();
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
/* This line never executes because play_nokia_tune() loops forever */
|
||||||
|
while(1){
|
||||||
|
key=scan_keypad();
|
||||||
|
button_state=scan_mode_button();
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if(key==last_key) stable=(stable<5)?stable+1:stable;
|
||||||
|
else{ last_key=key; stable=0; }
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if(button_state==last_button_state)
|
||||||
|
button_stable=(button_stable<5)?button_stable+1:button_stable;
|
||||||
|
else{ last_button_state=button_state; button_stable=0; }
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
handle_mode_button();
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
if(stable==3 && key!=0xFF){
|
||||||
|
if(is_operator_active(key)){
|
||||||
|
switch(key){
|
||||||
|
case 11: operate(OP_ADD); display_input(); break;
|
||||||
|
case 12: input_num=stored_num=result=0;
|
||||||
|
operation=OP_NONE; display_input(); break;
|
||||||
|
case 13: operate(OP_SUB); display_input(); break;
|
||||||
|
case 14: operate(OP_MUL); display_input(); break;
|
||||||
|
case 15: perform_operation(); break;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
} else if(is_valid_digit(key)){
|
||||||
|
result_displayed=0;
|
||||||
|
input_num=input_num*current_base+key;
|
||||||
|
display_input();
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
stable=5;
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
delay(3000);
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue