MIT-Curricular/ES/Project/code_with_nokia.c
2025-10-30 12:16:56 +05:30

403 lines
11 KiB
C

#include <LPC17xx.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
/* ===================================================
* SMART MULTI-BASE CALCULATOR — LPC1768
* Supports BIN, BASE4, OCT, DEC, HEX with
* keypad and LCD (no 7-segment).
*
* Features:
* • SysTick 1 ms hardware timing
* • HEX: double MODE press <2 s → operator mode
* • Signed decimal arithmetic; modular in other bases
* • NOKIA TUNE on GPIO beeper (loops continuously)
* ===================================================
*/
/* ===== Pin & Mode Defines ===== */
#define COL_BASE 15
#define ROW_BASE 19
#define COL_MASK (0x0F << COL_BASE)
#define ROW_MASK (0x0F << ROW_BASE)
#define LCD_DATA_SHIFT 23
#define LCD_DATA_MASK (0x0F << LCD_DATA_SHIFT)
#define LCD_RS (1 << 27)
#define LCD_EN (1 << 28)
#define MODE_BUTTON (1 << 12)
#define BEEPER_PIN (1 << 4) /* P0.4 / CNA Pin 1 */
/* Modes / Bases */
#define MODE_BIN 2
#define MODE_BASE4 4
#define MODE_OCT 8
#define MODE_DEC 10
#define MODE_HEX 16
/* Operators */
#define OP_NONE 0
#define OP_ADD 1
#define OP_SUB 2
#define OP_MUL 3
#define OP_CLR 4
#define OP_RES 5
/* ===== Predeclared Variables ===== */
int input_num, stored_num, result;
unsigned int operation;
unsigned int current_base;
unsigned char hex_op_mode;
unsigned char result_displayed;
unsigned int key, last_key, stable;
unsigned int button_state, last_button_state, button_stable;
unsigned long last_mode_press_time;
volatile unsigned long sys_millis;
unsigned int col, row, row_bits, d, unum, i;
char buf[17];
volatile unsigned int loop_idx, beep_i;
unsigned int frequency_hz, duration_ms;
unsigned int half_period_us;
unsigned long start_time, end_time, now;
/* ===== Nokia Tune Notes ===== */
typedef struct {
unsigned int frequency; /* Hz */
unsigned int duration; /* ms */
} Note;
const Note nokia_tune[] = {
/* Complete Nokia Tune - Full sequence */
{330, 125}, {311, 125}, {370, 125}, {415, 250},
{311, 125}, {370, 125}, {415, 500}, {0, 100},
{330, 125}, {311, 125}, {370, 125}, {415, 250},
{311, 125}, {370, 125}, {415, 250}, {0, 100},
{330, 125}, {311, 125}, {370, 125}, {415, 250},
{311, 125}, {370, 125}, {415, 250}, {0, 100},
{330, 125}, {311, 125}, {370, 125}, {415, 500},
{0, 100},
{370, 125}, {415, 125}, {466, 125}, {523, 250},
{415, 125}, {466, 125}, {523, 250}, {0, 100},
{370, 125}, {415, 125}, {466, 125}, {523, 250},
{415, 125}, {466, 125}, {523, 250}, {0, 100},
{370, 125}, {415, 125}, {466, 125}, {523, 500},
{0, 100},
{330, 125}, {311, 125}, {370, 125}, {415, 250},
{311, 125}, {370, 125}, {415, 250}, {0, 100},
{330, 125}, {311, 125}, {370, 125}, {415, 250},
{311, 125}, {370, 125}, {415, 1000},
{0, 0} /* End marker */
};
/* ===== Forward Declarations ===== */
void delay(volatile unsigned int d);
void lcd_delay(unsigned long r);
void lcd_write_nibble(unsigned char nibble, unsigned char is_data);
void lcd_cmd(unsigned char cmd);
void lcd_data(unsigned char data);
void lcd_init(void);
void lcd_print_str(const char *s);
void lcd_print_num(int num, unsigned int base);
void display_mode(void);
void display_input(void);
void display_result(void);
unsigned int scan_keypad(void);
unsigned int scan_mode_button(void);
unsigned int is_valid_digit(unsigned int key);
void change_mode(void);
void handle_mode_button(void);
void operate(unsigned int op);
void perform_operation(void);
unsigned char is_operator_active(unsigned int key);
int base_arith(int a, int b, unsigned int op, unsigned int base);
unsigned long millis(void);
void beeper_init(void);
void play_tone(unsigned int freq, unsigned int dur);
void play_nokia_tune(void);
/* =================================================== */
/* ===== Implementation */
/* =================================================== */
void delay(volatile unsigned int d){ while(d--) __NOP(); }
void lcd_delay(unsigned long r){ volatile unsigned long i; for(i=0;i<r;i++); }
void SysTick_Handler(void){ sys_millis++; }
unsigned long millis(void){ return sys_millis; }
/* ---- LCD primitives ---- */
void lcd_write_nibble(unsigned char nibble, unsigned char is_data){
unsigned long temp = (nibble & 0x0F) << LCD_DATA_SHIFT;
LPC_GPIO0->FIOPIN = (LPC_GPIO0->FIOPIN & ~LCD_DATA_MASK) | temp;
if(is_data) LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET = LCD_RS; else LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR = LCD_RS;
LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET = LCD_EN; lcd_delay(100);
LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR = LCD_EN; lcd_delay(250000);
}
void lcd_cmd(unsigned char c){
lcd_write_nibble(c>>4,0);
lcd_write_nibble(c,0);
}
void lcd_data(unsigned char d){
lcd_write_nibble(d>>4,1);
lcd_write_nibble(d,1);
}
void lcd_init(void){
lcd_delay(5000000);
lcd_write_nibble(0x03,0); lcd_delay(500000);
lcd_write_nibble(0x03,0); lcd_delay(500000);
lcd_write_nibble(0x03,0); lcd_delay(500000);
lcd_write_nibble(0x02,0); lcd_delay(500000);
lcd_cmd(0x28); lcd_cmd(0x0C); lcd_cmd(0x01);
lcd_delay(500000);
lcd_cmd(0x06);
}
void lcd_print_str(const char *s){
while(*s) lcd_data(*s++);
}
void lcd_print_num(int num, unsigned int base){
i=0;
if(base==MODE_DEC && num<0){ lcd_data('-'); num=-num; }
unum=(unsigned int)num;
if(unum==0){ lcd_data('0'); return; }
while(unum>0 && i<16){
d=unum%base;
buf[i++]=(d<10)?('0'+d):('A'+d-10);
unum/=base;
}
while(i>0) lcd_data(buf[--i]);
}
/* ---- Display helpers ---- */
void display_mode(void){
lcd_cmd(0x80);
lcd_print_str("Mode: ");
if(current_base==MODE_BIN) lcd_print_str("BIN ");
else if(current_base==MODE_BASE4) lcd_print_str("BASE4 ");
else if(current_base==MODE_OCT) lcd_print_str("OCT ");
else if(current_base==MODE_DEC) lcd_print_str("DEC ");
else {
lcd_print_str("HEX");
if(hex_op_mode) lcd_print_str("[OPS]");
else lcd_print_str(" ");
}
}
void display_input(void){
lcd_cmd(0xC0);
lcd_print_str("Input: ");
lcd_print_num(input_num,current_base);
lcd_print_str(" ");
}
void display_result(void){
lcd_cmd(0xC0);
lcd_print_str("Result: ");
lcd_print_num(result,current_base);
lcd_print_str(" ");
}
/* ---- Keypad scanning ---- */
unsigned int scan_keypad(void){
for(col=0;col<4;col++){
LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET=COL_MASK; delay(50);
LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR=(1<<(COL_BASE+col)); delay(200);
row_bits=(LPC_GPIO0->FIOPIN&ROW_MASK)>>ROW_BASE;
if(row_bits!=0x0F){
for(row=0;row<4;row++)
if(!(row_bits&(1<<row))){
LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET=COL_MASK;
return col*4+row;
}
}
}
LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET=COL_MASK;
return 0xFF;
}
/* ---- MODE button ---- */
unsigned int scan_mode_button(void){
return ((LPC_GPIO2->FIOPIN&MODE_BUTTON)==0)?1:0;
}
void change_mode(void){
if(current_base==MODE_DEC) current_base=MODE_BIN;
else if(current_base==MODE_BIN) current_base=MODE_BASE4;
else if(current_base==MODE_BASE4) current_base=MODE_OCT;
else if(current_base==MODE_OCT) current_base=MODE_HEX;
else current_base=MODE_DEC;
input_num=stored_num=result=0;
operation=OP_NONE; result_displayed=0;
display_mode(); display_input();
}
/* ---- Double-press / mode handler ---- */
void handle_mode_button(void){
now=millis();
if(button_stable==3 && button_state==1){
if(current_base==MODE_HEX){
if((now-last_mode_press_time)<2000){
hex_op_mode=!hex_op_mode;
display_mode(); last_mode_press_time=0;
} else last_mode_press_time=now;
} else change_mode();
}
}
/* ---- Validation ---- */
unsigned int is_valid_digit(unsigned int key){
if(key>=16) return 0;
if(current_base==MODE_BIN && key>=2) return 0;
if(current_base==MODE_BASE4 && key>=4) return 0;
if(current_base==MODE_OCT && key>=8) return 0;
if(current_base==MODE_DEC && key>=10) return 0;
return 1;
}
/* ---- Arithmetic core ---- */
int base_arith(int a,int b,unsigned int op,unsigned int base){
int r=0;
switch(op){
case OP_ADD: r=a+b; break;
case OP_SUB: r=a-b; break;
case OP_MUL: r=a*b; break;
default: r=a; break;
}
if(base!=MODE_DEC){
if(r<0) r=((r%base)+base)%base;
else r%= (base*base*base*base);
}
return r;
}
/* ---- Operator control ---- */
void operate(unsigned int op){
stored_num=input_num;
input_num=0;
operation=op;
result_displayed=0;
}
void perform_operation(void){
result=base_arith(stored_num,input_num,operation,current_base);
display_result();
input_num=result;
operation=OP_NONE;
result_displayed=1;
}
unsigned char is_operator_active(unsigned int key){
if(key>=11 && key<=15){
if(current_base==MODE_HEX) return hex_op_mode;
else return 1;
}
return 0;
}
/* ---- Beeper Functions ---- */
void beeper_init(void){
LPC_GPIO0->FIODIR |= BEEPER_PIN;
LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR = BEEPER_PIN;
}
void play_tone(unsigned int freq, unsigned int dur){
start_time = millis();
end_time = start_time + dur;
if(freq == 0){
while(millis() < end_time){
__NOP();
}
return;
}
half_period_us = 500000 / freq;
while(millis() < end_time){
LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET = BEEPER_PIN;
for(beep_i = 0; beep_i < half_period_us; beep_i++) __NOP();
LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR = BEEPER_PIN;
for(beep_i = 0; beep_i < half_period_us; beep_i++) __NOP();
}
LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR = BEEPER_PIN;
}
void play_nokia_tune(void){
while(1){
loop_idx = 0;
while(nokia_tune[loop_idx].frequency != 0){
frequency_hz = nokia_tune[loop_idx].frequency;
duration_ms = nokia_tune[loop_idx].duration;
play_tone(frequency_hz, duration_ms);
loop_idx++;
}
delay(100000);
}
}
/* =================================================== */
/* ===================== MAIN ======================== */
/* =================================================== */
int main(void){
current_base=MODE_DEC;
input_num=stored_num=result=0;
operation=OP_NONE;
result_displayed=0;
key=last_key=0xFF;
stable=0;
button_stable=0;
button_state=last_button_state=0;
hex_op_mode=0;
last_mode_press_time=0;
sys_millis=0;
SystemCoreClockUpdate();
SysTick_Config(SystemCoreClock/1000);
/* GPIO mux: make pins GPIO */
LPC_PINCON->PINSEL0=0;
LPC_PINCON->PINSEL1=0;
LPC_PINCON->PINSEL3=0;
LPC_PINCON->PINSEL4=0;
LPC_PINCON->PINSEL0 &= ~0xFFF00000;
/* Directions */
LPC_GPIO0->FIODIR |= COL_MASK | LCD_DATA_MASK | LCD_RS | LCD_EN | BEEPER_PIN;
LPC_GPIO0->FIODIR &= ~ROW_MASK;
LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET = COL_MASK;
LPC_GPIO2->FIODIR &= ~MODE_BUTTON;
beeper_init();
lcd_init();
display_mode();
display_input();
play_nokia_tune();
while(1);
return 0;
}