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428
ES/Project/code_with_nokia.c
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428
ES/Project/code_with_nokia.c
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#include <LPC17xx.h>
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#include <stdbool.h>
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/* ===================================================
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* SMART MULTI-BASE CALCULATOR — LPC1768
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* Supports BIN, BASE4, OCT, DEC, HEX with
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* keypad and LCD (no 7-segment).
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*
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* Features:
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* • SysTick 1 ms hardware timing
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* • HEX: double MODE press <2 s → operator mode
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* • Signed decimal arithmetic; modular in other bases
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* • NOKIA TUNE on GPIO beeper (loops continuously)
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* ===================================================
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*/
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/* ===== Pin & Mode Defines ===== */
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#define COL_BASE 15
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#define ROW_BASE 19
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#define COL_MASK (0x0F << COL_BASE)
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#define ROW_MASK (0x0F << ROW_BASE)
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#define LCD_DATA_SHIFT 23
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#define LCD_DATA_MASK (0x0F << LCD_DATA_SHIFT)
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#define LCD_RS (1 << 27)
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#define LCD_EN (1 << 28)
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#define MODE_BUTTON (1 << 12)
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#define BEEPER_PIN (1 << 4) /* P0.4 / CNA Pin 1 */
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/* Modes / Bases */
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#define MODE_BIN 2
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#define MODE_BASE4 4
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#define MODE_OCT 8
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#define MODE_DEC 10
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#define MODE_HEX 16
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/* Operators */
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#define OP_NONE 0
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#define OP_ADD 1
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#define OP_SUB 2
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#define OP_MUL 3
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#define OP_CLR 4
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#define OP_RES 5
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/* ===== Globals ===== */
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int input_num, stored_num, result;
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unsigned int operation;
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unsigned int current_base;
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unsigned char hex_op_mode;
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unsigned char result_displayed;
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unsigned int key, last_key, stable;
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unsigned int button_state, last_button_state, button_stable;
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unsigned long last_mode_press_time;
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/* ===== System tick counter ===== */
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volatile unsigned long sys_millis = 0;
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/* ===== Nokia Tune Notes ===== */
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typedef struct {
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unsigned int frequency; /* Hz */
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unsigned int duration; /* ms */
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} Note;
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const Note nokia_tune[] = {
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/* Main Nokia ringtone sequence - full 2 minute loop */
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{330, 125}, /* E4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 250}, /* G#4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 500}, /* G#4 */
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/* Repeat section */
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{330, 125}, /* E4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 250}, /* G#4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 250}, /* G#4 */
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{330, 125}, /* E4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 250}, /* G#4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 250}, /* G#4 */
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{330, 125}, /* E4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 500}, /* G#4 (longer) */
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/* Extended section - full melody */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 125}, /* G#4 */
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{466, 125}, /* A#4 */
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{523, 250}, /* C5 */
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{415, 125}, /* G#4 */
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{466, 125}, /* A#4 */
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{523, 250}, /* C5 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 125}, /* G#4 */
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{466, 125}, /* A#4 */
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{523, 250}, /* C5 */
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{415, 125}, /* G#4 */
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{466, 125}, /* A#4 */
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{523, 500}, /* C5 (longer) */
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/* Final variation */
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{330, 125}, /* E4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 250}, /* G#4 */
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{311, 125}, /* D#4 */
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{370, 125}, /* F#4 */
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{415, 1000}, /* G#4 (very long) */
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{0, 0} /* End marker */
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};
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/* ===== Forward Declarations ===== */
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void delay(volatile unsigned int d);
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void lcd_delay(unsigned long r);
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void lcd_write_nibble(unsigned char nibble, unsigned char is_data);
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void lcd_cmd(unsigned char cmd);
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void lcd_data(unsigned char data);
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void lcd_init(void);
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void lcd_print_str(const char *s);
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void lcd_print_num(int num, unsigned int base);
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void display_mode(void);
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void display_input(void);
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void display_result(void);
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unsigned int scan_keypad(void);
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unsigned int scan_mode_button(void);
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unsigned int is_valid_digit(unsigned int key);
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void change_mode(void);
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void handle_mode_button(void);
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void operate(unsigned int op);
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void perform_operation(void);
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unsigned char is_operator_active(unsigned int key);
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int base_arith(int a, int b, unsigned int op, unsigned int base);
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unsigned long millis(void);
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void beeper_init(void);
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void play_tone(unsigned int frequency, unsigned int duration);
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void play_nokia_tune(void);
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/* =================================================== */
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/* ===== Implementation */
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/* =================================================== */
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void delay(volatile unsigned int d){ while(d--) __NOP(); }
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void lcd_delay(unsigned long r){ volatile unsigned long i; for(i=0;i<r;i++); }
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/* ---- SysTick (1 ms) ---- */
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void SysTick_Handler(void){ sys_millis++; }
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unsigned long millis(void){ return sys_millis; }
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/* ---- LCD primitives ---- */
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void lcd_write_nibble(unsigned char nibble, unsigned char is_data){
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unsigned long temp = (nibble & 0x0F) << LCD_DATA_SHIFT;
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOPIN = (LPC_GPIO0->FIOPIN & ~LCD_DATA_MASK) | temp;
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if(is_data) LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET = LCD_RS; else LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR = LCD_RS;
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET = LCD_EN; lcd_delay(100);
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR = LCD_EN; lcd_delay(250000);
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}
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void lcd_cmd(unsigned char c){ lcd_write_nibble(c>>4,0); lcd_write_nibble(c,0); }
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void lcd_data(unsigned char d){ lcd_write_nibble(d>>4,1); lcd_write_nibble(d,1); }
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void lcd_init(void){
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lcd_delay(5000000);
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lcd_write_nibble(0x03,0); lcd_delay(500000);
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lcd_write_nibble(0x03,0); lcd_delay(500000);
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lcd_write_nibble(0x03,0); lcd_delay(500000);
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lcd_write_nibble(0x02,0); lcd_delay(500000);
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lcd_cmd(0x28); lcd_cmd(0x0C); lcd_cmd(0x01); lcd_delay(500000); lcd_cmd(0x06);
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}
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void lcd_print_str(const char *s){ while(*s) lcd_data(*s++); }
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void lcd_print_num(int num, unsigned int base){
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char buf[17]; int i=0; unsigned int unum;
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if(base==MODE_DEC && num<0){ lcd_data('-'); num=-num; }
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unum=(unsigned int)num;
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if(unum==0){ lcd_data('0'); return; }
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while(unum>0 && i<16){
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unsigned int d=unum%base;
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buf[i++]=(d<10)?('0'+d):('A'+d-10);
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unum/=base;
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}
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while(i>0) lcd_data(buf[--i]);
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}
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/* ---- Display helpers ---- */
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void display_mode(void){
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lcd_cmd(0x80);
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lcd_print_str("Mode: ");
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if(current_base==MODE_BIN) lcd_print_str("BIN ");
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else if(current_base==MODE_BASE4) lcd_print_str("BASE4 ");
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else if(current_base==MODE_OCT) lcd_print_str("OCT ");
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else if(current_base==MODE_DEC) lcd_print_str("DEC ");
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else { lcd_print_str("HEX");
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if(hex_op_mode) lcd_print_str("[OPS]");
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else lcd_print_str(" "); }
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}
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void display_input(void){
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lcd_cmd(0xC0);
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lcd_print_str("Input: ");
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lcd_print_num(input_num,current_base);
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lcd_print_str(" ");
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}
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void display_result(void){
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lcd_cmd(0xC0);
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lcd_print_str("Result: ");
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lcd_print_num(result,current_base);
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lcd_print_str(" ");
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}
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/* ---- Keypad scanning ---- */
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unsigned int scan_keypad(void){
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unsigned int col,row,row_bits;
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for(col=0;col<4;col++){
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET=COL_MASK; delay(50);
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR=(1<<(COL_BASE+col)); delay(200);
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row_bits=(LPC_GPIO0->FIOPIN&ROW_MASK)>>ROW_BASE;
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if(row_bits!=0x0F){
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for(row=0;row<4;row++)
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if(!(row_bits&(1<<row))){ LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET=COL_MASK; return col*4+row; }
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}
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}
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET=COL_MASK;
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return 0xFF;
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}
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/* ---- MODE button ---- */
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unsigned int scan_mode_button(void){
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return ((LPC_GPIO2->FIOPIN&MODE_BUTTON)==0)?1:0;
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}
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void change_mode(void){
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if(current_base==MODE_DEC) current_base=MODE_BIN;
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else if(current_base==MODE_BIN) current_base=MODE_BASE4;
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else if(current_base==MODE_BASE4) current_base=MODE_OCT;
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else if(current_base==MODE_OCT) current_base=MODE_HEX;
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else current_base=MODE_DEC;
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input_num=stored_num=result=0;
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operation=OP_NONE; result_displayed=0;
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display_mode(); display_input();
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}
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/* ---- Double-press / mode handler ---- */
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void handle_mode_button(void){
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unsigned long now=millis();
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if(button_stable==3 && button_state==1){
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if(current_base==MODE_HEX){
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if((now-last_mode_press_time)<2000){
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hex_op_mode=!hex_op_mode;
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display_mode(); last_mode_press_time=0;
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} else last_mode_press_time=now;
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} else change_mode();
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}
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}
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/* ---- Validation ---- */
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unsigned int is_valid_digit(unsigned int key){
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if(key>=16) return 0;
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if(current_base==MODE_BIN && key>=2) return 0;
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if(current_base==MODE_BASE4 && key>=4) return 0;
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if(current_base==MODE_OCT && key>=8) return 0;
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if(current_base==MODE_DEC && key>=10) return 0;
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return 1;
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}
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/* ---- Arithmetic core ---- */
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int base_arith(int a,int b,unsigned int op,unsigned int base){
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int r=0;
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switch(op){
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case OP_ADD: r=a+b; break;
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case OP_SUB: r=a-b; break;
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case OP_MUL: r=a*b; break;
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default: r=a; break;
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}
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if(base!=MODE_DEC){ /* wrap-around for others */
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if(r<0) r=((r%base)+base)%base;
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else r%= (base*base*base*base); /* loose limit */
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}
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return r;
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}
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/* ---- Operator control ---- */
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void operate(unsigned int op){ stored_num=input_num; input_num=0; operation=op; result_displayed=0; }
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void perform_operation(void){
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result=base_arith(stored_num,input_num,operation,current_base);
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display_result();
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input_num=result; operation=OP_NONE; result_displayed=1;
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}
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unsigned char is_operator_active(unsigned int key){
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if(key>=11 && key<=15){
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if(current_base==MODE_HEX) return hex_op_mode;
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else return 1;
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}
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return 0;
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}
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/* ---- Beeper Functions ---- */
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void beeper_init(void){
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LPC_GPIO0->FIODIR |= BEEPER_PIN;
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR = BEEPER_PIN;
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}
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void play_tone(unsigned int frequency, unsigned int duration){
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unsigned long start_time = millis();
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unsigned long end_time = start_time + duration;
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if(frequency == 0){
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while(millis() < end_time){
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR = BEEPER_PIN;
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delay(1000);
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}
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return;
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}
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unsigned int half_period_us = 1000000 / (2 * frequency);
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while(millis() < end_time){
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET = BEEPER_PIN;
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for(volatile unsigned int i = 0; i < half_period_us; i++) __NOP();
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR = BEEPER_PIN;
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for(volatile unsigned int i = 0; i < half_period_us; i++) __NOP();
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}
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOCLR = BEEPER_PIN;
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}
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void play_nokia_tune(void){
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while(1){ /* INFINITE LOOP - plays forever */
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for(int i = 0; nokia_tune[i].frequency != 0; i++){
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play_tone(nokia_tune[i].frequency, nokia_tune[i].duration);
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}
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/* Small delay before repeating */
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delay(50000);
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}
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}
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/* =================================================== */
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/* ===================== MAIN ======================== */
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/* =================================================== */
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int main(void){
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current_base=MODE_DEC;
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input_num=stored_num=result=0;
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operation=OP_NONE; result_displayed=0;
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key=last_key=0xFF; stable=0;
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button_stable=0; button_state=last_button_state=0;
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hex_op_mode=0; last_mode_press_time=0;
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SystemCoreClockUpdate();
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SysTick_Config(SystemCoreClock/1000); // 1 ms tick
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/* GPIO mux: make pins GPIO */
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LPC_PINCON->PINSEL0=0; LPC_PINCON->PINSEL1=0;
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LPC_PINCON->PINSEL3=0; LPC_PINCON->PINSEL4=0;
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LPC_PINCON->PINSEL0 &= ~0xFFF00000; // P0.4–P0.11 as GPIO
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/* Directions: keypad columns out, rows in; LCD pins out; MODE button in; beeper out */
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LPC_GPIO0->FIODIR |= COL_MASK | LCD_DATA_MASK | LCD_RS | LCD_EN | BEEPER_PIN;
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LPC_GPIO0->FIODIR &= ~ROW_MASK;
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LPC_GPIO0->FIOSET = COL_MASK;
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LPC_GPIO2->FIODIR &= ~MODE_BUTTON;
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beeper_init();
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lcd_init();
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display_mode();
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display_input();
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/* Play Nokia tune on loop in background */
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play_nokia_tune();
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/* This line never executes because play_nokia_tune() loops forever */
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while(1){
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key=scan_keypad();
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button_state=scan_mode_button();
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if(key==last_key) stable=(stable<5)?stable+1:stable;
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else{ last_key=key; stable=0; }
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if(button_state==last_button_state)
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button_stable=(button_stable<5)?button_stable+1:button_stable;
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else{ last_button_state=button_state; button_stable=0; }
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handle_mode_button();
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if(stable==3 && key!=0xFF){
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if(is_operator_active(key)){
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switch(key){
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case 11: operate(OP_ADD); display_input(); break;
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case 12: input_num=stored_num=result=0;
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operation=OP_NONE; display_input(); break;
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case 13: operate(OP_SUB); display_input(); break;
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case 14: operate(OP_MUL); display_input(); break;
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case 15: perform_operation(); break;
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}
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} else if(is_valid_digit(key)){
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result_displayed=0;
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input_num=input_num*current_base+key;
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display_input();
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}
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stable=5;
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}
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delay(3000);
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}
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}
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